{"id":30781,"date":"2025-09-05T09:15:34","date_gmt":"2025-09-05T02:15:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/benhviendhnct.sandboxnctu.qzz.io\/benhviendhnct\/?p=30781"},"modified":"2025-09-13T13:59:15","modified_gmt":"2025-09-13T06:59:15","slug":"vo-duong-do-dong-tinh-mach-avf-cau-tay-chay-than-trong-chay-than-nhan-tao-canh-bao-bien-chung-nguy-hiem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/benhviendhnct.com.vn\/benhviendhnct\/tin-tuc\/kien-thuc-y-khoa\/vo-duong-do-dong-tinh-mach-avf-cau-tay-chay-than-trong-chay-than-nhan-tao-canh-bao-bien-chung-nguy-hiem","title":{"rendered":"V\u1ee0 \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG D\u00d2 \u0110\u1ed8NG \u2013 T\u0128NH M\u1ea0CH (AVF) (C\u1ea6U TAY CH\u1ea0Y TH\u1eacN) TRONG CH\u1ea0Y TH\u1eacN NH\u00c2N T\u1ea0O: C\u1ea2NH B\u00c1O BI\u1ebeN CH\u1ee8NG NGUY HI\u1ec2M"},"content":{"rendered":"

Suy th\u1eadn m\u1ea1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i \u0111ang gia t\u0103ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ngh\u00ecn b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf th\u1eadn, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea1y th\u1eadn nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng AVF l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. AVF \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1eeda ng\u00f5 sinh t\u1ed3n\u201d cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u1ecdc m\u00e1u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f2 n\u00e0y g\u1eb7p bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u1ee1 AVF (c\u1ea7u tay ch\u1ea1y th\u1eadn), t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u ngo\u1ea1i khoa nguy hi\u1ec3m. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 nguy c\u01a1, d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u00e0 x\u1eed tr\u00ed v\u1ee1 AVF l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

Hi\u0300nh 1-Minh h\u1ecda n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed9ng – t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u1ecdc m\u00e1u (C\u1ea7u tay ch\u1ea1y th\u1eadn)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy c\u01a1<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u1ee1 AVF th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • T\u0103ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c m\u00e1u k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong l\u00f2ng m\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ch do th\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch suy y\u1ebfu theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n
  • Nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed d\u00f2 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n
  • Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdc kim ho\u1eb7c va ch\u1ea1m b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n
  • T\u0103ng huy\u1ebft \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ch\u1ea1y th\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ch\u1ea1y th\u1eadn l\u00e2u n\u0103m, c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i ph\u00ecnh AVF l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c t\u1eebng b\u1ecb ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t nguy c\u01a1 cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/strong><\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ee1 AVF bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ed1i ph\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn, \u0111au nh\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed AVF.<\/li>\n
    • V\u00f9ng da quanh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f2 tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ecfng, b\u00f3ng, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u t\u00edm \u0111\u1ecf.<\/li>\n
    • Ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u r\u1ec9 r\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ecdc kim.<\/li>\n
    • \u0110\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u \u1ed3 \u1ea1t kh\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u2013 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft s\u1edbm v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 t\u1eed vong.<\/p>\n

      X\u1eed tr\u00ed v\u1ee1 AVF<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      • T\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng: c\u1ea7n b\u0103ng \u00e9p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00ean v\u00f9ng ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi g\u1ecdi c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u ngay.<\/li>\n
      • T\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf: b\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, kh\u00e2u ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng AVF m\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng catheter t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecdc m\u00e1u t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nguy c\u01a1 v\u1ee1 AVF, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00ean:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • T\u00e1i kh\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c si\u00eau \u00e2m Doppler \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm ph\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n
        • Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecdc kim l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed.<\/li>\n
        • Tr\u00e1nh va \u0111\u1eadp m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f2.<\/li>\n
        • Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t huy\u1ebft \u00e1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng huy\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u1ee1 m\u00e1u.<\/li>\n
        • Khi th\u1ea5y d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ngay b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean khoa Th\u1eadn \u2013 L\u1ecdc m\u00e1u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u0110\u01a0N NGUY\u00caN TH\u1eacN NH\u00c2N T\u1ea0O B\u1ec6NH VI\u1ec6N \u0110\u1ea0I H\u1eccC NAM C\u1ea6N TH\u01a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0110\u01a1n nguy\u00ean Th\u1eadn nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Nam C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y th\u1eadn ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb an to\u00e0n. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng AVF trong t\u1eebng ca l\u1ecdc m\u00e1u.<\/li>\n
          • \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u0103m s\u00f3c AVF \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n
          • \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c can thi\u1ec7p k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ph\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ch, h\u1eb9p m\u1ea1ch hay nguy c\u01a1 v\u1ee1 AVF.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            V\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 b\u00e1c s\u0129 gi\u00e0u kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n cao, \u0110\u01a1n nguy\u00ean Th\u1eadn nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o cam k\u1ebft mang l\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 an to\u00e0n \u2013 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u2013 nh\u00e2n v\u0103n, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy th\u1eadn m\u1ea1n trong h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u00e0i l\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

            V\u1ee1 AVF trong ch\u1ea1y th\u1eadn nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111e d\u1ecda tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 th\u0103m kh\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf uy t\u00edn l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Nam C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 v\u1edbi \u0110\u01a1n nguy\u00ean Th\u1eadn nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 tin c\u1eady, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh suy th\u1eadn m\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n

            \n
            \n

            \"\"<\/p>\n

            Hi\u0300nh 2-\u0110\u01a1n nguy\u00ean th\u1eadn nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Nam C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1<\/div>\n
            \u00a0<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
            \n
            \n

            \"\"<\/p>\n

            Hi\u0300nh 3-L\u1ecdc m\u00e1u t\u1ea1i \u0110\u01a1n nguy\u00ean th\u1eadn nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Nam C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

            T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. Lok, C. E., & Jennings, W. C. (2018). Arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis: Update 2018.\u00a0American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 72<\/em>(5), 733\u2013745. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2018.03.028<\/li>\n
            2. Al-Jaishi, A. A., Oliver, M. J., Thomas, S. M., Lok, C. E., Zhang, J. C., Garg, A. X., & Kosa, S. D. (2014). Patency rates of the arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.\u00a0American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 63<\/em>(3), 464\u2013478. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2013.08.023<\/li>\n
            3. Lee, T., & Roy-Chaudhury, P. (2009). Advances and new frontiers in the pathophysiology of venous neointimal hyperplasia and dialysis access stenosis.\u00a0Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease, 16<\/em>(5), 329\u2013338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ackd.2009.06.005<\/li>\n
            4. Sidawy, A. N., Gray, R., Besarab, A., Henry, M., Ascher, E., Silva, M., & Miller, A. (2008). Recommended standards for reports dealing with arteriovenous hemodialysis accesses.\u00a0Journal of Vascular Surgery, 48<\/em>(5 Suppl), 2S\u201325S. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvs.2008.08.042<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              Suy th\u1eadn m\u1ea1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i \u0111ang gia t\u0103ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Theo th\u1ed1ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30782,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30781","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kien-thuc-y-khoa"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/benhviendhnct.com.vn\/benhviendhnct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30781","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/benhviendhnct.com.vn\/benhviendhnct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/benhviendhnct.com.vn\/benhviendhnct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benhviendhnct.com.vn\/benhviendhnct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benhviendhnct.com.vn\/benhviendhnct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30781"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/benhviendhnct.com.vn\/benhviendhnct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30781\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30787,"href":"https:\/\/benhviendhnct.com.vn\/benhviendhnct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30781\/revisions\/30787"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benhviendhnct.com.vn\/benhviendhnct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30782"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/benhviendhnct.com.vn\/benhviendhnct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30781"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benhviendhnct.com.vn\/benhviendhnct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30781"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benhviendhnct.com.vn\/benhviendhnct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30781"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}